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Marsilio Ficino (; Latin name: ''Marsilius Ficinus''; 19 October 1433 – 1 October 1499) was an Italian scholar and Catholic priest who was one of the most influential humanist philosophers of the early Italian Renaissance. He was also an astrologer, a reviver of Neoplatonism in touch with every major academic thinker and writer of his day and the first translator of Plato's complete extant works into Latin. His Florentine Academy, an attempt to revive Plato's Academy, had enormous influence on the direction and tenor of the Italian Renaissance and the development of European philosophy. The documentary "Les mystères du Tarot de Marseille" (Arte, 18 février 2015) claims Marsilio Ficino was the inventor of the Tarot de Marseille. ==Biography== Ficino was born at Figline Valdarno. His father Diotifeci d'Agnolo was a physician under the patronage of Cosimo de' Medici, who took the young man into his household and became the lifelong patron of Marsilio, who was made tutor to his grandson, Lorenzo de' Medici. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, the Italian humanist philosopher and scholar was another of his students. During the sessions at Florence of the Council of Ferrara-Florence in 1438–1445, during the failed attempts to heal the schism of the Orthodox and Catholic churches, Cosimo de' Medici and his intellectual circle had made acquaintance with the Neoplatonic philosopher George Gemistos Plethon, whose discourses upon Plato and the Alexandrian mystics so fascinated the learned society of Florence that they named him the second Plato. In 1459 John Argyropoulos was lecturing on Greek language and literature at Florence, and Ficino became his pupil. When Cosimo decided to refound Plato's Academy at Florence he chose Ficino as its head. In 1462, Cosimo supplied Ficino with Greek manuscripts of Plato's work, whereupon Ficino started translating the entire corpus to Latin (draft translation of the dialogues finished 1468–9; published 1484). Ficino also produced a translation of a collection of Hellenistic Greek documents found by Leonardo da Pistoia and called Hermetica, later called the Hermetic Corpus – particularly the "Corpus Hermeticum" of Hermes Trismegistos,〔Yates, Frances A. (1964) ''Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition.'' University of Chicago Press 1991 edition: ISBN 0-226-95007-7〕 and the writings of many of the Neoplatonists, for example Porphyry, Iamblichus, Plotinus, ''et al.'' Ficino tried to synthesize Christianity and Platonism. Among his many students was Francesco Cattani da Diacceto, who was considered by Ficino to be his successor as the head of the Florentine Platonic Academy.〔(Marsilio Ficino ), entry by (Christopher Celenza ) in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy〕 Diacceto's student, Giovanni di Bardo Corsi, produced a short biography of Ficino in 1506.〔(Annotated English translation of Corsi's biography of Ficino )〕 A physician and a vegetarian, Ficino became a priest in 1473.〔Christiane L. Joost-Gaugier, ''Pythagoras and Renaissance Europe: Finding Heaven'', Cambridge University Press, 2009.〕〔Oskar, Kristeller Paul. (''Studies in Renaissance thought and letters. IV'' ). Roma: Edizioni di Storia e letteratura, 1996: 565.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marsilio Ficino」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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